Background Earlier age at menopause has been associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but the shape of association and role of established cardiovascular risk factors remain unclear. Therefore, we examined the associations between menopausal characteristics and CHD risk; the shape of the association between age at menopause and CHD risk; and the…
OBJECTIVE To estimate the causal association between intake of dairy products and incident type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The analysis included 21,820 European individuals (9,686 diabetes cases) of the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study. Participants were genotyped, and rs4988235 (LCT-12910C>T), a SNP for lactase persistence (LP) which enables digestion of dairy sugar, i.e., lactose, was…
Objetivo Evaluar la evidencia sobre el uso de heurísticos de representatividad, disponibilidad, anclaje y ajuste y exceso de confianza en la práctica clínica real, específicamente en el ámbito de la Atención Primaria. Diseño Revisión panorámica (scoping review). Fuentes de datos Bases de datos de OvidMedline, Scopus, PsycoINFO, Cochrane Library y PubMed. Con el fin de…
People with low statistical numeracy have difficulties understanding numerical information. For instance, they often misunderstand the probability of experiencing side effects, which could reduce adherence to medical treatments. We investigated whether presenting information about probability using a method based on the direct experience of events influences the accuracy of probability estimates compared to viewing a…
Published associations between dietary folate and bladder cancer risk are inconsistent. Biomarkers may provide more accurate measures of nutrient status. This nested case‐control analysis within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) investigated associations between pre‐diagnostic serum folate, homocysteine, vitamins B6 and B12 and the risk of urothelial cell carcinomas of the bladder…
Objective To identify and characterize the interventions that aimed to improve cancer treatment and follow‐up care in socially disadvantaged groups. To summarize the state‐of‐the‐art for clinicians and researchers. Methods We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials and quasi‐experimental studies with a control group (usual care or enhanced usual…
R es un lenguaje de programación muy flexible orientado a la estadística computacional, el análisis de datos y el desarrollo de gráficos, características que lo ha convertido en un lenguaje muy popular entre estadísticos y matemáticos especializados en estadística computacional. A pesar de sus cualidades técnicas, el uso de R puede resultar complejo para personas…
Fundamentos: La prestación de cuidados informales determina la existencia de desigualdades en salud, a las cuales se suman las desigualdades de género por el papel mayoritario de las mujeres en dicha prestación. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron caracterizar a la población cuidadora informal de mayores dependientes en Gipuzkoa, conocer los impactos de cuidar sobre…
Objectives and setting Although psychotropic drugs are used to treat mental health disorders, little evidence analyses the effects the 2008 economic downturn had on psychotropic drug consumption in the case of Spain. We analyse these effects, considering both gender and employment situation. Participants We used the microdata from the face-to-face cross-sectional population-based Spanish National Health…
Previous prospective studies assessing the relationship between circulating concentrations of vitamin D and prostate cancer risk have shown inconclusive results, particularly for risk of aggressive disease. In this study, we examine the association between prediagnostic concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] and the risk of prostate cancer overall and by tumor characteristics.…
