Objective: Identify risk factors for microcephaly and evaluate historical trends of microcephaly and arboviruses to recognize patterns and anomalies that indicate the beginning of the microcephaly epidemic associated with Zika infection. Methods: The head circumferences of 62,298 newborns was analyzed to identify cases of microcephaly between 2014 and 2017. We compared the groups of newborns…
Identification of causal factors that influence fetal growth and anthropometry at birth is of great importance as they provide information about increased risk of disease throughout life. The association between maternal genetic polymorphism MTHFR(677)C>T and anthropometry at birth has been widely studied because of its key role in the one-carbon cycle. MTHFR(677) CT and TT…
Background The use of biomarkers of environmental exposure to explore new risk factors for pancreatic cancer presents clinical, logistic, and methodological challenges that are also relevant in research on other complex diseases. Objectives First, to summarize the main design features of a prospective case-control study –nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition…
Background The use of biomarkers of environmental exposure to explore new risk factors for pancreatic cancer presents clinical, logistic, and methodological challenges that are also relevant in research on other complex diseases. Objectives First, to summarize the main design features of a prospective case-control study –nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition…
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent form of liver cancer, is difficult to diagnose and has limited treatment options with a low survival rate. Aside from a few key risk factors, such as hepatitis, high alcohol consumption, smoking, obesity, and diabetes, there is incomplete etiologic understanding of the disease and little progress in identification…
Background: Obesity is a risk factor for endometrial cancer but whether metabolic dysfunction is associated with endometrial cancer independent of body size is not known. Methods: The association of metabolically defined body size phenotypes with endometrial cancer risk was investigated in a nested case–control study (817 cases/ 817 controls) within the European Prospective Investigation into…
Background: Obesity is a risk factor for endometrial cancer but whether metabolic dysfunction is associated with endometrial cancer independent of body size is not known. Methods: The association of metabolically defined body size phenotypes with endometrial cancer risk was investigated in a nested case–control study (817 cases/ 817 controls) within the European Prospective Investigation into…
Colorectal cancer risk can be lowered by adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) guidelines. We derived metabolic signatures of adherence to these guidelines and tested their associations with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort. Methods Scores reflecting adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (scale, 1–5)…
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development entails changes in liver metabolism. Current knowledge on metabolic perturbations in HCC is derived mostly from case‐control designs, with sparse information from prospective cohorts. Our objective was to apply comprehensive metabolite profiling to detect metabolites whose serum concentrations are associated with HCC development, using biological samples from within the prospective European…
Background: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the predominant (95%) bladder cancer subtype in industrialised nations. Animal and epidemiological human studies suggest that hormonal factors may influence UC risk. Methods: We used an analytic cohort of 333 919 women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Cohort (EPIC). Associations between hormonal factors and incident UC…
